Why did the Oslo Peace Process fail Dissertation

Why did the Oslo Peace Process fail - Dissertation Example It marked the initial face-to-face agreement between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The activities surrounding the agreement arose from the Madrid Conference of 1991, carried out in Oslo, Norway, supported by the Fafo institute and cleared on the 20th of August 1993 (Brown, 2003). The Accords were then officially set to writing and signed during a public ceremony in Washington, D.C on the 13th of September 1993 before Yasser Arafat (PLO Chairman), Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Rabin, and President Bill Clinton of the United States of America (Brown, 2003). The documents were also supported and signed by other official signatories, including Mahmoud Abbas for the PLO, Shimon Peres, foreign minister for Israel, the US Secretary of State Warren Christopher for the US as well as Andrei Kozyrev, the foreign minister for Russia (Brown, 2003). The Accord supported the establishment of a Palestinian interim self-government, including the Palestinian National Autho rity (PNA). This PNA was set to bear responsibility for the management of the territory within its control (Brown, 2003). The Accords also supported the withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) from various regions of the contentious Gaza Strip and the West Bank. It was expected that the arrangement would cover a five-year interim period where later a more permanent arrangement would be established, especially on issues like Jerusalem, Palestine refugees, Israeli settlements, and borders (Weinburger, 2007). This Oslo I was followed by Oslo II. In both accords, no independence was anticipated for Palestine. In general, the agreement emphasized the withdrawal of Israel personnel from different areas of the Gaza Strip as well as the West Bank. It also supported the right of Palestine for self-governance in these regions through the establishment of the Palestinian Interim Self-Government Authority (Weinburger, 2007). The term of the Palestine was set to last for five years, at whi ch time, more permanent arrangements would have been established for the two territories. Major problems, including the issue of Jerusalem, Palestinian refugees, as well as security and border issues were to be managed in other negotiations and arrangements (Weinburger, 2007). Israel was ready to grant an interim self-rule to Palestine in stages. Aside from the principles, the two groups put into writing the Letters of Mutual Recognition, as the Israeli government supported the PLO to be the legal representative of the Palestinians and the PLO also supported the right declared by Israel to exist (McMahon, 2009). The agreement also rejected and condemned terrorism, violence, and activities set to destroy Israel. The goal of the Israel-Palestine talks was to secure a Palestine Interim Self-Government Authority, for the people of the Palestine region in the West Bank as well as the Gaza strip, during the transitional 5-year period (McMahon, 2009). Before Palestinians could manage thems elves based on democratic principles, general elections were set for the Council. The coverage of the Palestinian Council was the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Exempt were issues which would be managed during the permanent negotiations (McMahon, 2009). The two parties perceived West Bank and Gaza to be single territorial units. The five-year transition period would be seen with Israel withdrawing from the Gaza Strip and the Jericho area. Permanent status talks started soon enough between these territories (Quandt, 2001). A transfer of authority was also set between the Israel Defense Forces to the Palestinians on matters relating to education, culture, health, social welfare, taxation, and tourism. The Council would

Coaching portofolio Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coaching portofolio - Term Paper Example Coaching philosophy covers ones purpose as a coach and how he will approach player development and winning. Ones coaching philosophy is made up of the primary objectives, beliefs and the principles that one adhere to in order to achieve his goals. (Barbour, 2011, p. 203) One’s coaching philosophy will guide him on how to behave as a coach and how to interact with his trainees. Coaching philosophy has to touch on who one is and who one wants to be in future. (Parsloe, 2009, p. 128) Mostly, it is based on one’s experience, knowledge, and opinions. All excellent philosophies describe and explain the purpose of coaching, the views, and the principle that the coach will use to achieve his goal. Some of the elements of the coaching philosophies are discussed below. Plan, prepare and perform: For all aspects of football planning is the key ingredients for good performance of footballers. It is advisable to use planning, preparation and performance in the ratio of 3:2:1. That is taking 3 hours to plan, 2 hours to prepare and 1 hour to perform. Fitness, skill and game sense: Whenever it is possible the coach should try to reproduce the ‘game type’ preparation. Tactics and skills of the game at times need to be given much weight for better performance. (Association, 2013, p. 307). Footballers should spend most time in situations that are pressured in terms of time and space. This will help them to win possession, make good and fast decisions and execute efficient disposal. Leadership: One should come up with his style or approach depending on the maturity of individuals he is coaching. Young athletes with no experience need some real direction and control. But when the player grows, become educated, experienced, confident, they need to be far more involved in the coach-player relationship. A well-performing team is always having a high leadership group, who wants to take ownership of the dynamics of the process which in place